turf toe

Turf Toe is a sprain of the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint of the first toe. That is, the joint of the toe to the foot is sprained. The injury usually results from a hyperflexion mechanism; the toe is bent to far upward. This can result from a hard push off on a rigid surface, having the toe forcibly flexed while being tackled, or by stopping short allowing the toe to jam in the toe box of the shoe. These mechanisms cause damage to the ligaments of the joint and the joint capsule.

The 1st MTP joint is instrumental in all sports that involve foot contact with the ground. The Great Toe is the final structure in contact with the ground on push-off. Due to this, up to 8 X a person’s body weight may be transferred through the 1st MTP joint. Contact sport athletes are at a greater risk of injury of the 1st MTP due to the possibility that during contact, the joint may be forcibly hyperflexed.