The CDC was founded in 1942 during World War II as the Office of National Defense Malaria Control Activities. Preceding its founding, organizations with global influence in Malariacontrol were the Malaria Commission of the League of Nations and the Rockefeller Foundation. The Rockefeller Foundation greatly supported malaria control, sought to have the governments take over some of its efforts, and collaborated with the agency.
The new agency was a branch of the US. Public Health Service and Atlanta was chosen as the location because malariawas endemic in the Southern United States. The agency changed names (see infobox on top right) before adopting the title Communicable Disease Center in 1946. Offices were located on the sixth floor of the Volunteer Building on Peachtree Street. With a budget at the time of about $1 million, 59 percent of its personnel were engaged in mosquito abatement and habitat control with the objective of control and eradication of malaria in the United States (see National Malaria Eradication Program). Among its 369 employees, the main jobs at CDC were originally entomology. In CDC's initial years, more than six and a half million homes were sprayed. In 1946, there were only seven medical officers on duty and an early organization chart was drawn, somewhat fancifully, in the shape of a mosquito. 
CDC leader Dr. Josephcontinued to advocate for public health issues and to push for CDC to extend its responsibilities to many other Communicable disease In 1947, CDC made a token payment of $10 to Emory University Emory Universityfor 15 acres (61,000 m2) of land on Clifton Road in DeKalb County, the home of CDC headquarters today. CDC employees collected the money to make the purchase. The benefactor behind the “gift” was Board of the Coca-Cola Company. Woodruff had a long-time interest in malariacontrol; it had been a problem in areas where he went hunting.
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